The impact of alternative monetary policy tools in enhancing electronic payment methods
An analytical study in the Iraqi banking sector for the period (2017-2023)
A thesis submitted to the Council of the College of Administration and Economics at the University of Kerbala, which is part of the requirements for obtaining a Master’s degree in Finance and Banking
By
Sahera Jasib Saeed
Supervision
Associate professor Associate professor
Dr. Hashem Jabbar Al-Hussein Dr .Ameer Ali Khalil Al musawi
Abstract
The current study aimed to demonstrate the extent of the impact of alternative monetary policy tools (currency sales window, Ministry of Finance bonds) on electronic payment methods (electronic payment cards, total mobile payments, electronic money transfers), as the problem of the study was the extent to which the bank’s alternative monetary policy tools contribute The Central Bank of Iraq in promoting electronic payments. For this purpose, 80 observations were selected for the study period (2017-2023), monthly and yearly, and then the statistical program SPSS V 26 was used to test the hypotheses according to the standard multiple linear regression model that was appropriate for this study. The study showed a set of conclusions, including the existence of a statistically significant impact relationship for alternative monetary policy tools on electronic payment methods. The study also found that the currency sale window, which has been applied as an alternative monetary policy tool in Iraq since 2003, has one direction, represented by sales operations only.
This is due to the rentier nature of the Iraqi economy. Therefore, foreign currency flows to Iraq are closely linked to the sale of crude oil as a main source of foreign currency, as it contributes more than 95% of export revenues due to the weakness and disruption of the real sector, which limits its ability to generate foreign currency through non-oil exports. The study recommended the need to strengthen Using alternative monetary policy tools to achieve significant economic benefits by investing in infrastructure, enhancing awareness, and improving regulatory frameworks. It also recommended the need to diversify sources of foreign currency in Iraq by strengthening the non-oil sector and supporting sectors with potential such as agriculture, industry, and tourism to increase non-oil exports and develop markets. Iraqi money to make it more attractive to investors and benefit from remittances from Iraqi expatriates and encourage them to transfer their money to Iraq, which contributes to supporting the economy.
Keywords: alternative monetary policy tools, electronic payment methods, Central Bank of Iraq.
