Analysis of Intra – Regional Way trade between Iraq and Neighboring countries for the period 2004-2021

A Thesis Submitted By

DUAA RAZZAQ JUBAIR Al Amri

To the Board of the Faculty of Management and Economics – Karbala University, which is part of the requirements of obtaining a master’s degree in economics

Under the supervision of

Dr. Prof. Tawfeeq Abbas Abd oun Al-Masoudi

Abstract

The study analyzing intra-trade between Iraq and neighboring countries for the period 2004-2021 in some variables in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Jordan, Syria, Turkey, and Iran aims to uncover and know the reasons and obstacles that prevented the development of environmental trade, which is considered one of the main means of addressing this economy and working on  Activating intra-trade exchange, but the existence of Arab trade agreements is not enough in itself, because there are many other factors that control intra-trade.  These factors face many problems, and among these factors is the quality of relations between these countries, which in turn contribute to economic integration, which has made the volume of intra-regional trade know low values when compared to those directed abroad, and from here the role of governments appears.  In directing trade as a first step to highlighting the features of economic cooperation and integration.

The aim of the research is to know what is the volume of Iraq’s environmental trade with neighboring countries and its causes, in addition to its positive and negative effects on the economy of Iraq and neighboring countries.

The research is based on the hypothesis that there is a significant growth in Two-way trade between Iraq and neighboring countries, and this is due to the decline in the performance of the economic sectors in Iraq. The study aims to know two-way trade and find out its causes that hinder its development, in addition to addressing it. To prove this hypothesis, the study relied on the analytical approach.  The study reached a number of results, including that the Iraqi economy is a unilateral economy, relying on the production and export of one commodity, which is crude oil, which made it almost completely dependent on imports from some neighboring countries and other countries, and encouraged these countries to do so by exploiting the opportunity and filling the Iraqi market with various  Raw materials, especially food and agricultural, which makes the Iraqi economy dependent on these countries, which poses a threat to national food security. A number of recommendations were proposed, including the necessity of involving the private sector in the decision-making process, because of its fundamental role in achieving the development of intra-trade exchange through its participation in  Trade negotiations and encouraging investments in countries. From here, a number of conclusions and recommendations necessary for the study were drawn.

Analysis of Intra – Regional Way trade between Iraq and Neighboring countries for the period 2004-2021

A Thesis Submitted By

DUAA RAZZAQ JUBAIR Al Amri

To the Board of the Faculty of Management and Economics – Karbala University, which is part of the requirements of obtaining a master’s degree in economics

Under the supervision of

Dr. Prof. Tawfeeq Abbas Abd oun Al-Masoudi

Abstract

The study analyzing intra-trade between Iraq and neighboring countries for the period 2004-2021 in some variables in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Jordan, Syria, Turkey, and Iran aims to uncover and know the reasons and obstacles that prevented the development of environmental trade, which is considered one of the main means of addressing this economy and working on  Activating intra-trade exchange, but the existence of Arab trade agreements is not enough in itself, because there are many other factors that control intra-trade.  These factors face many problems, and among these factors is the quality of relations between these countries, which in turn contribute to economic integration, which has made the volume of intra-regional trade know low values when compared to those directed abroad, and from here the role of governments appears.  In directing trade as a first step to highlighting the features of economic cooperation and integration.

The aim of the research is to know what is the volume of Iraq’s environmental trade with neighboring countries and its causes, in addition to its positive and negative effects on the economy of Iraq and neighboring countries.

The research is based on the hypothesis that there is a significant growth in Two-way trade between Iraq and neighboring countries, and this is due to the decline in the performance of the economic sectors in Iraq. The study aims to know two-way trade and find out its causes that hinder its development, in addition to addressing it. To prove this hypothesis, the study relied on the analytical approach.  The study reached a number of results, including that the Iraqi economy is a unilateral economy, relying on the production and export of one commodity, which is crude oil, which made it almost completely dependent on imports from some neighboring countries and other countries, and encouraged these countries to do so by exploiting the opportunity and filling the Iraqi market with various  Raw materials, especially food and agricultural, which makes the Iraqi economy dependent on these countries, which poses a threat to national food security. A number of recommendations were proposed, including the necessity of involving the private sector in the decision-making process, because of its fundamental role in achieving the development of intra-trade exchange through its participation in  Trade negotiations and encouraging investments in countries. From here, a number of conclusions and recommendations necessary for the study were drawn.