The role of fair trade in sustainable development –experiences of selected countries with reference to Iraq

Thesis  submitted to the Council of the College of Administration and Economics,
     University of Karbala, which is part of the requirements for
          obtaining a Master’s degree in Economic Sciences

by the student

Wjdan Najeh Mahsoon Harbi

Supervising . DR PROF.DR Tawfiq Abbas Abdon Al Masoudi

Abstract:

Free market mechanisms have become very unreliable in addressing the problem of inequality in the distribution of economic development gains. Therefore, fair trade initiatives, with their various principles and foundations, are working to build a more fair and just trade partnership in international trade relations in light of sustainable development. Fair trade is a A charter of partnership and cooperation that essentially recognizes the participation of all parties involved in production processes, taking into account the economic, social and environmental dimensions. It is essentially a social movement that has been adopted and encouraged by global and international organizations. Its role is to achieve sustainable development through producers and farmers obtaining additional returns that are invested in sustainable development projects that serve their communities, such as building schools and hospitals, improving infrastructure, and alleviating poverty. Fair foreign trade also contributed to reducing the disadvantages and problems related to the concept of (trade liberalization), as it became possible to identify the nature of the trade relationship between developing countries and developed countries.

         The most Important conclusions reached by the research are that existing trade relations between countries may be unfair if they are represented between developed countries and developing countries in which economic competition is unfair, while trade is fair between countries in which tastes are similar and whose products can compete.