An Analytical Exploratory Study of the opinions of a sample of employees at the Union Food Industries Company Limited

Thesis submitted to the council of the college of Administration & Economics Kerbala University in which is part of the requirements of the PhD degree in Business Administration.

By

Zahraa Abdul Azim Zuhair

SUPERVISED BY

Republic of Iraq

Ministry Of Higher Education and Scientific Research

University Of Karbala

College Of Administration & Economics
Business Administration Department

March/2025 Ramadan/1446
Impact Of Participatory ergonomics On Business Model Innovation: The Mediating
Role OfWorkaholism And work Enjoyment

Prof. Dr. Hussein Hurajah Al-Hasnawi Prof. Dr. Salih Mahdi Al-Hasnawi

Abstract
The current study aims to determine the level of direct impact of the
Participatory ergonomics with its dimensions (self-containment,
knowledge base, administrative support, and employee support) on the
creativity of the business model with its dimensions (creativity in gaining
the summit, creativity in new proposals, and creativity in creating the
summit) and the level of indirect impact through the two mediating
variables Workplace Fun with its dimensions (work containment, drive
towards work, and enjoyment at work) and work pleasure with its
dimensions (enjoyable activities, enjoyable environment, and the pleasure
of socialization) at the level of the Union Food Industries Company
Limited by adopting the Serial Multiple Mediation model, based on a
basic problem represented by a fundamental question (What is the level
of indirect impact of the Participatory ergonomics on the creativity of the
business model through the mediating relationship of the two mediating
variables Workplace Fun and enjoyment?). The study sample amounted
to (282) individuals from the workers and by adopting the random sample
method. The descriptive analytical method was adopted in presenting the
theoretical and field aspects as a main method in the study, and a group of
Appropriate analytical methods were used in data analysis such as
(normal distribution test, confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive
statistics, simple and multiple regression analysis (structural equation
modeling), path analysis, and Sobel test) based on ready-made programs
(Amos V. 25, SPSS V. 25). A set of results were reached, the most
prominent of which is the presence of an indirect effect with moral
significance of the Participatory ergonomics in the creativity of the
business model through serial mediation of the two mediating variables,
Workplace Fun and work enjoyment. This indirect effect was more
effective and efficient than the single mediation, as the effect of
Workplace Fun as an intermediary variable and increasing immersion in
work would enhance the feeling of comfort in performing job activities,
which gives workers a sense of enjoyment at work. The sequence of the
two mediating variables in the influence relationships can support the
dimensions of creativity in the business model at a greater level than can
be achieved through any individual mediation.
Keywords : Participatory ergonomics, Workplace Fun, Workaholism,
business model innovation, Union Food Industries Company Limited